CentOS/RedHat日常

服务端最常用的CentOS/RedHat使用记录。

系统命令

kill进程

pkill tomcat
# CentOS7 使用pkill代替 killall
# 安装psmisc以继续使用 killall
yum install psmisc
killall -9 tomcat

时间设置

GUI： system-config-date

# 同步时间
yum install ntp
chkconfig ntpd on
ntpdate pool.ntp.org

# 修改为中国时区
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai

SELinux

set enforce  # 立即生效

# 配置文件
vi /etc/selinux/config

升级6.5到7

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/upgradetool.repo
# 内容
[upg]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Upgrade Tool
baseurl=https://buildlogs.centos.org/centos/6/upg/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

# 
yum -y install redhat-upgrade-tool preupgrade-assistant-contents

# 安装依赖
yum -y install openscap pcre-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel m2crypto python-simplejson mod_wsgi

# 运行 Preupgrade Assistant
preupg

rpm --import http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
redhat-upgrade-tool-cli --network 7 --cleanup-post --instrepo=http://vault.centos.org/centos/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/ --addrepo=CentOS7=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/

# 替换为加速镜像，参考 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/centos-vault/
minorver=6.10
sudo sed -e "s|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g" \
         -e "s|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/\$releasever|baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/$minorver|g" \
         -i.bak \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo

解决 error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

find / -name libpcre.so.1 link /usr/lib64/libpcre.so.1 /lib64/libpcre.so.0

yum

yum repolist all

# 安装epel库
yum install epel-release

yum update
yum update python

yum upgrade

# Clean YUM cache
yum clean all

# ali mirror
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum clean all
yum makecache

# EPEL
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

# official
rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

rpm

# 升级
rpm -Uvh *.rpm

# 查询安装包名
rpm -qpi xxx.rpm

# 卸载
rpm -e  package_name

桌面

添加应用

编辑文件夹/usr/share/applications,创建新的desktop文件

Troubleshooting

yum 运行返回 segmentation fault

yum --noplugins check-update
yum --noplugins

资源

rpmfind